The canes were made from rattan with the nodules and tips carefully cut and sanded. Crook handles were formed by steeping one end of the straight cane in a vat of hot water for a day until it softened. It was then bent over a large diameter rounded length of wood and tied in position to form a loop at one end. After being allowed to dry out, the tie was undone and the crook end remained in shape to form a handle which prevented the cane from slipping through the hand when in use and provided the ability to hang it on a hook for storage.
Both firms made canes in different lengths and diameters for differing requirements. Sometimes known as “Junior” and “Senior” models, the lengths could vary from around 22″ to 38″ and the diameter from 6mm to 12mm.