To me the arguments here are both practical and ethical. the aim of a school to teach , to exclude should only be done to protect others, you should not withdraw the compulsory functions of a school as punishment. this effects end performance. This is far more serious when loss of time is severe, ie more than a day or so , ( one kid in the states currently facing two years suspension from elementary , for possession of a replica gun)
Time out punishments. These include most forms of detention , but not work detail.If these involve academic work , unless it is catch up assignments for work failure it is identifying the output of the academic process with punishment. ( Having said that I must admit for pleading for an essay not lines ; it didn’t bore me )