The belt is normally given for the same reasons as elsewhere: disobedience, (an increasing problem since the fall of Communism), and for complaints from school about behaviour or poor results, or neigbours about bad behaviour outside.
I worked with a number of interpeters, many of whom were female. Several of them said they were regularly beaten for misdemeanours. One of them explained that one day that she(at about age 11),and a boy from the next apartment were throwing lighted matches out of the window of her apartment. (Bear in mind that this was during Soviet times, and that her father could have lost his privileged flat near the centre of Moscow as a consequence).

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