For the reasons you state, and while it’s interesting to dissect such CP book numbers, I’ll be the first to admit that such typical records from England are unreliable to conduct a proper study on efficacy and recidivism. To do this, one needs to work from records within boards (LEAs) that explicitly mandated 100% of all CP be meted by a head in the office, witnessed and recorded, and where regulation stipulated any unauthorized CP (in the classroom) could lead to immediate dismissal of the educator. (My Toronto boards operated like this hence my continued campaign to access them for such purposes)
School Punishment Book116
