Firstly the use of both the slipper (why do you call it that if it is a gymshoe”?) and the cane. I can see the message that is sent if a pupil has to attend the headmaster to be caned, all rubber legs and knot in stomach during the journey and a sore bottom on the way back! I can offer information on the Scottish education system and all aspects of the tawse but am less well informed about the position in England. Interesting you should say that there was variation. In Scotland there was variation too, from school to school and from teacher to teacher.

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